2-90. When problems are difficult to identify, the operation’s end state is unclear, or a COA is not self- evident, commanders employ ADM. This is often the case when developing long-range plans for extended operation or developing supporting plans to the CCP and associated contingencies. The results of ADM include an understanding of an OE and problem, the initial commander’s intent, and an operational approach that serves as the link between conceptual and detailed planning. Based on their understanding and learning gained during ADM, commanders issue planning guidance—to include an operational approach—to guide more detailed planning using the MDMP. (See ATP 5-0.1 for techniques for employing ADM.)