2-50. The tactical level of warfare is the level of warfare at which battles and engagements are planned and executed to achieve military objectives assigned to tactical units or task forces (JP 3-0). Tactical-level planning revolves around how best to achieve objectives and accomplish tasks assigned by higher headquarters. Planning horizons for tactical-level planning are relatively shorter than planning horizons for operational-level planning. Tactical-level planning works within the framework of an operational-level plan and is addressed in Service doctrine or, in the case of multinational operations, the lead nation’s doctrine. Army tactical planning is guided by the MDMP for units with a staff and TLP for small-units without a staff.