stability activities – (DOD) Various military missions, tasks, and activities conducted outside the United States in coordination with other instruments of national power to maintain or reestablish a safe and secure environment and provide essential governmental services, emergency infrastructure reconstruction, and humanitarian relief. (JP 3-0) Referenced in FM 3-57, ATP 3-07.31.

1-85. The Coast Guard is part of DHS. The Coast Guard's homeland security missions include port, waterway, and coastal security; drug interdiction; control of illegal immigration; and other law enforcement missions. Other Coast Guard activities include marine safety, search and rescue, aids to navigation, living marine resource protection (fisheries enforcement), marine environmental response, and icebreaking. (For more information about Coast Guard operations, see the U.S. Coast Guard website.)

3-70. Division headquarters provide an interface between the brigades tasked to conduct specific operations to shape and the corps staff managing the missions, movement, operational readiness-related equipment issues, and training requirements across echelons. Division headquarters provide training resources and oversight to brigades at home station, and they play a critical role in the development of leaders down to the battalion level. Division headquarters should play a continuous positive role in the readiness of units over which they have influence, protecting their time and ensuring that demanding, realistic training remains the first priority.

2-110. Leadership is the process of influencing people by providing purpose, direction and motivation to accomplish missions and improve the organization (ADP 6-22). Leadership is the multiplying and unifying element of combat power. Confident, competent, and informed leadership intensifies the effectiveness of all other elements of combat power by formulating sound operational ideas and assuring discipline and motivation in the force. Good leaders are the catalyst for success. Effective leadership can compensate for deficiencies in all the warfighting functions because it is the most dynamic element of combat power. The opposite is also true; poor leadership can negate advantages in warfighting capabilities. An Army leader, by virtue of assumed role or assigned responsibility, inspires and influences people to accomplish organizational goals. Army leaders motivate people to pursue actions, focus thinking, and shape decisions for the greater good of the organization. They instill in Soldiers the will to win.

3-9. Peace operations are crisis response and limited contingency operations. These operations frequently include international military missions to contain conflict, restore peace, and shape an environment to support reconciliation and rebuilding as well as to facilitate the transition to legitimate governance. Peace operations may be conducted under the sponsorship of the United Nations, another international organization, within a coalition of agreeing nations, or unilaterally. They often require a higher emphasis on stability operations than on offense and defense operations.

4-5. Title 32, USC status for National Guard forces is used for training and certain DSCA missions. A member's pay and allowances are federally funded, but the member is under state authority and subject to the state military code versus the Uniform Code of Military Justice. Operationally, this status is used for counterdrug missions, homeland defense activities, and the National Guard's weapons of mass destruction-civil support teams. Title 32, USC status is also used to secure strategic facilities, such as airports, pharmaceutical labs, nuclear power plants, and border crossings.

2-292. Incorporating integrated training with a realistic threat able to attack networks into unit training at home station and CTCs prepares units for actual missions. It also prepares units to understand the threat, the indicators of a contested environment, and penalizes failures to follow security protocols.

3-62. During offensive operations, aviation units and systems normally integrate into the scheme of maneuver and are given missions similar to those of ground maneuver units. Aviation forces conduct attacks, air assaults, and reconnaissance. They can deploy aerial minefields and conduct security operations. Attack helicopters are most effective in conditions of limited visibility against exposed enemy forces on the move. They are less effective against enemy forces in prepared defensive positions.

techniques – (DOD) Non-prescriptive ways or methods used to perform missions, functions, or tasks.

3-57. In addition to contributions through standard security cooperation programs and operations to support shaping activities, ARSOF have unique missions that are conducted in support of the shaping objectives. +Preparation of the environment is an umbrella term for operations and activities conducted by selectively trained special operations forces to develop an environment for potential future special operations (JP 3-05). +Preparation of the environment is supported by intelligence operations and includes operational preparation of the environment and special operations advance force operations. Intelligence typically builds on the information provided by operational preparation of the environment and special operations advance force operations, compiling it with other sources of information to provide the intelligence picture. The information provided by preparation of the environment can enhance intelligence preparation of the battlefield (IPB) to support subsequent military operations.

9-36. During operations, organizational leaders integrate and synchronize available resources. They assign missions and empower their subordinates to execute within the given intent. Effective organizational leaders must be resourcing experts, which requires significant education and self-study. Achieving organizational goals requires resources—including time, equipment, facilities, budgets, and people. Organizational leaders aggressively manage and prioritize the resources at their disposal to ensure optimal readiness of the organization. A leader’s situation is more difficult when unanticipated events shift priorities.

2-9. The elements of decisive action are not discrete, mutually exclusive operations. Tactical missions can contain elements of the offense, defense, and stability or defense support of civil authorities. The lower the echelon, the less a formation can focus on more than one of the elements. During large-scale combat operations, it is unlikely that units performing close combat also conduct stability tasks.

linkup point – The point where two infiltrating elements in the same or different infiltration lanes are scheduled to meet to consolidate before proceeding on with their missions. (FM 3-90-1)

1-21. The Army relies on effective teams to perform tasks, achieve objectives, and accomplish missions. Building and maintaining teams that operate effectively is essential to both internal and external organizations. To do this, Army leaders employ Army team building, a continuous process of enabling a group of people to reach their goals and improve their effectiveness through leadership and various exercises, activities, and techniques. Figure 1-2 outlines the Army team building process.

12-10. The support rehearsal helps synchronize each warfighting function with the overall operation. This rehearsal supports the operation so units can accomplish their missions. Throughout preparation, units conduct support rehearsals within the framework of a single or limited number of warfighting functions. These rehearsals typically involve coordination and procedure drills for aviation, fires, engineer support, or casualty evacuation. Support rehearsals and combined arms rehearsals complement preparations for the operation. Units may conduct rehearsals separately and then combine them into full-dress rehearsals. Although these rehearsals differ slightly by warfighting function, they achieve the same result.

advance force operations – Operations conducted to refine the location of specific, identified targets and further develop the operational environment for near-term missions. Also called AFO. (FM 1-02.1)

airspace coordinating measures – (DOD) Measures employed to facilitate the efficient use of airspace to accomplish missions and simultaneously provide safeguards for friendly forces. Also called ACM. (JP 3-52) Referenced in FM 3-09, FM 3-52, FM 3-99, ATP 3-01.85, ATP 3-01.87. ATP 3-09.34, ATP 3--52.1, ATP 3-52.2, ATP 3-60.2, ATP 3-91.1.

1-7. In particular, Army special operations forces design, plan, and conduct diplomatically sensitive missions using the principle of discreet. In diplomatically sensitive conditions, special operations forces create effects of a magnitude disproportionate to their small footprint. Special operations support objectives that focus on deterring, preventing, or resolving joint transregional, all-domain, and multifunctional threats and conflicts, as well as supporting Army operations over a multi-domain extended battlefield. Multinational and bilateral relationships with other nations’ special operations forces often play a critical part for Army special operations forces executing their role. Shared doctrine, such as Standardization Agreement 2523 (North Atlantic Treaty Organization), Allied Joint Doctrine for Special Operations/Allied Joint Publication-3.5, Allied Joint Doctrine for Special Operations, facilitates interoperability, integration, and interdependence between these forces.

personnel recovery coordination cell – (DOD) The primary joint force component organization responsible for coordinating and controlling component personnel recovery missions. Also called PRCC. (JP 3-50) Referenced in ATP 3-50.10.

peace operations – (DOD) Multiagency and multinational crisis response and limited contingency operations involving all instruments of national power with military missions to contain conflict, redress the peace, and shape the environment to support reconciliation and rebuilding and facilitate the transition to legitimate governance. Also called PO. (JP 3-07.3) Referenced in ADP 3-07, FM 3-07, FM 3-53, ATP 3-07.5, ATP 3-07.6, ATP 3-07.31.