4-43. Important command and control principles include mission orders, disciplined initiative, and commander’s intent. Mission orders are the commander’s directives that emphasize the results to be attained, not how they are to be achieved. Disciplined initiative is action in the absence of orders to react to the enemy’s unforeseen actions, a new or more serious threat, or an opportunity that offers a greater chance of success than the original COA. Commanders rely on their subordinates to take their own initiative to adjust to the new situation and achieve their commander’s intent. The commander’s intent defines the limits within which subordinates may exercise their initiative. It gives subordinates the confidence to apply their judgment in ambiguous situations because they know the mission’s purpose, key tasks, and desired end state.