1-49. Military forces also synchronize their operations in addition to synchronizing governmental and nongovernmental entities to achieve unity of effort. Different command relationships and authorities between federal and state forces pose challenges to unity of effort. Parallel command and dual status command are the two usual and customary usual and customary command and control arrangements for the simultaneous employment of federal and state forces during DSCA missions. The dual status command structure does not create unity of command. Missions for federal and state National Guard forces originate separately and respective forces conduct these missions separately. Under parallel command, federal forces take orders from the DOD chain of command, and state National Guard forces take orders from the state's chain of command. If dual status command is used, the President and the governor sign an agreement appointing one officer to command both federal and state National Guard forces. That officer serves simultaneously in Title 10, USC and Title 32, USC duty status. This concept is detailed in chapter 3, Section III, Considerations for the Exercise of Command and Control.